Internet Transmissions
-Necessary hardware to connect to the Internet (modem and NIC card)
-Common file Standards- mp3 (music), pdf (documents-usually free), gif (image), mpegs (video)
-Compression types:
lossy-makes files smaller but looses quality (looses some of the original data so its not too big of a file)
lossless-makes file smaller but doesn't loose quality (needs more space to store the information)
-Encryption, data compressions and data redundancy and security
-Packet Switching- packets go in different lines so that it doesn't get intersected
-Routing- a router is a device that transfers data form one network to another in a an intelligent way, it forwards data packets to their destinations using the fastest route.
it does this by:
-reads the data packets destination address
-looks up all the paths it has available to get to the address
-checks on how busy each path is at the moment
-sends the packet along the least congested path
-MAC Address- unique to every piece of hardware on a network, built into the NIC to identify it and also the maker of it (cant change it) (Media Access Control)
-IP Address- a protocol is a set of rules for doing something. in this case it is the task for being able to uniquely identify every computer connected to an IP based network .e.g. 255.168.104.004. Each number group in the address sub-divides the network to which the computer is connected with the final number (004 above) being the actual computer.
DNS (Domain Name Systems)
translates a domain name (e.g. www.google.com) into the correct IP address for the server to service. it does this by:
-you enter a domain name into the browser
-browser makes contact with a DNS server, this contains a database that matches the domain name to its registered IP address and the DNS sends the information back to the computer
-if that particular DNS server does not have the translation, it sends it on to another DNS server until hopefully the domain name can be resolved into an IP address
-computer attaches IP address to the data packet to be sent
-data packet travels over the internet to its destination
-the end server sends back the requested data
-Necessary hardware to connect to the Internet (modem and NIC card)
-Common file Standards- mp3 (music), pdf (documents-usually free), gif (image), mpegs (video)
-Compression types:
lossy-makes files smaller but looses quality (looses some of the original data so its not too big of a file)
lossless-makes file smaller but doesn't loose quality (needs more space to store the information)
-Encryption, data compressions and data redundancy and security
-Packet Switching- packets go in different lines so that it doesn't get intersected
-Routing- a router is a device that transfers data form one network to another in a an intelligent way, it forwards data packets to their destinations using the fastest route.
it does this by:
-reads the data packets destination address
-looks up all the paths it has available to get to the address
-checks on how busy each path is at the moment
-sends the packet along the least congested path
-MAC Address- unique to every piece of hardware on a network, built into the NIC to identify it and also the maker of it (cant change it) (Media Access Control)
-IP Address- a protocol is a set of rules for doing something. in this case it is the task for being able to uniquely identify every computer connected to an IP based network .e.g. 255.168.104.004. Each number group in the address sub-divides the network to which the computer is connected with the final number (004 above) being the actual computer.
DNS (Domain Name Systems)
translates a domain name (e.g. www.google.com) into the correct IP address for the server to service. it does this by:
-you enter a domain name into the browser
-browser makes contact with a DNS server, this contains a database that matches the domain name to its registered IP address and the DNS sends the information back to the computer
-if that particular DNS server does not have the translation, it sends it on to another DNS server until hopefully the domain name can be resolved into an IP address
-computer attaches IP address to the data packet to be sent
-data packet travels over the internet to its destination
-the end server sends back the requested data
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
ISP is a company that provides internet access by offering you a broadband connection to the internet, its done using your modem at home, which connects to one of their servers (Sending and receiving internet traffic for you). The IP address' are a massive help for the ISP and the user because it means that a certain data can go to different customers depending on their IP address and for the user it means that the number of customers they have using their internet will not affect and slow down their internet.
Cookies
A text file that saves onto your computer containing information that you may have entered on websites without your permission. websites such as amazon use them to save information like the last time you were on their website, aswell as name, address and credit-card number and so some people don't want to use websites that have cookies.
Search Engines
Search Engines (e.g. google, bing) index web pages on the world wide web using the URL, the page title and key words that appear in the text. the search engine searches through billions of stored web pages (in a data base index) to find the best matches. it uses complicated algorithms to sort out the web pages to give you the most accurate ones and brings up a list for you to choose from.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
HTML has structuring elements (tags-used to identify specific types of content), text documents interpreted by browsers can display their contents according to specified formats, and so making it really easy to create and personalise a webpage. it is the essential structure to any webpage. with each tag it has a closing tag along with it e.g <head> </head>.
It is important as a standard for web page creation because it is free and universal.
Tags:
<html>have to use at the start of every code
<head> sections the top part of the whole text
<body>sections the bottom part of the whole text
<p> paragraph
<b> bold (<en> emphasis is also used)
<i> itallic
<u> underline
<big> makes the text big
<small> makes the text smaller
<center> centres the text to the middle of the page
<img src'url'> image
<a href='url'> links to another webpage using its URL
<h1> heading (sizes h1-h6, h1 being the biggest)
<ul> unordered list (bulletpoint)
<ol>ordered list
<hr> horizontal line
ISP is a company that provides internet access by offering you a broadband connection to the internet, its done using your modem at home, which connects to one of their servers (Sending and receiving internet traffic for you). The IP address' are a massive help for the ISP and the user because it means that a certain data can go to different customers depending on their IP address and for the user it means that the number of customers they have using their internet will not affect and slow down their internet.
Cookies
A text file that saves onto your computer containing information that you may have entered on websites without your permission. websites such as amazon use them to save information like the last time you were on their website, aswell as name, address and credit-card number and so some people don't want to use websites that have cookies.
Search Engines
Search Engines (e.g. google, bing) index web pages on the world wide web using the URL, the page title and key words that appear in the text. the search engine searches through billions of stored web pages (in a data base index) to find the best matches. it uses complicated algorithms to sort out the web pages to give you the most accurate ones and brings up a list for you to choose from.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
HTML has structuring elements (tags-used to identify specific types of content), text documents interpreted by browsers can display their contents according to specified formats, and so making it really easy to create and personalise a webpage. it is the essential structure to any webpage. with each tag it has a closing tag along with it e.g <head> </head>.
It is important as a standard for web page creation because it is free and universal.
Tags:
<html>have to use at the start of every code
<head> sections the top part of the whole text
<body>sections the bottom part of the whole text
<p> paragraph
<b> bold (<en> emphasis is also used)
<i> itallic
<u> underline
<big> makes the text big
<small> makes the text smaller
<center> centres the text to the middle of the page
<img src'url'> image
<a href='url'> links to another webpage using its URL
<h1> heading (sizes h1-h6, h1 being the biggest)
<ul> unordered list (bulletpoint)
<ol>ordered list
<hr> horizontal line